Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)
A combined vaccine protecting against three contagious viral illnesses. CDC advises every international traveller to be fully vaccinated against measles before any trip.
What it is
MMR is a combined vaccine that protects against three contagious viral illnesses: measles, mumps, and rubella. Measles in particular is highly contagious and can cause serious complications.
How it spreads
All three spread through coughs, sneezes, and contact with droplets in the air. Measles can hang in the air of a room for up to two hours after an infected person leaves.
Dosing & timing
- Primary series
- Two doses, at least 28 days apart.
- Boosters
- Two documented doses protect most people for life — no boosters needed.
- Before you travel
- Ideally complete vaccination at least 2 weeks before travel, but a dose closer to departure is still better than none.
Who should consider it
CDC strongly advises every international traveller to be fully vaccinated against measles before any trip. Most adults are protected from childhood. If you do not have records, talk to a travel doctor about whether you need a dose before you leave. Adults born before 1957 are generally considered already protected.
Side effects and safety
Common (most resolve in a day or two)
- Soreness where the shot was given
- Mild fever
- Mild rash a week or two after
Serious but rare
- Brief seizures linked to fever (very rare)
- Temporary low platelet count that can cause bruising (very rare)
Who should not get it
Skip it if you have a severely weakened immune system, are pregnant, or have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose. Talk to your doctor if you are unsure.
Common questions
I had measles as a kid — do I still need MMR?
If you have lab confirmation of past infection or immunity, no. Otherwise your doctor may suggest a dose to be safe.
I don't have my childhood vaccination records. What now?
A blood test can check immunity, or your doctor may simply give you a dose. There is no harm in an extra dose if you are already protected.
Is measles really still a problem?
Yes. Most measles cases imported into the US come back with travellers who were not fully vaccinated.
Plan ahead: Talk to a travel health doctor 4 to 6 weeks before departure if you are unsure about your measles immunity.
Source: CDC — Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR).
Disclaimer:This information is for general guidance only, based on CDC Travelers' Health. It does not replace advice from a qualified travel health professional. Consult a doctor 4–6 weeks before your trip.